Symptoms of pollen, dust or dust mite allergies: how to tell them apart?

What are the common symptoms of respiratory allergies?

Before distinguishing between the different allergens, it is important to understand that respiratory allergies share a common set of symptoms. They result from an excessive reaction of the immune system to substances that are normally harmless.

Nasal symptoms (allergic rhinitis)

Allergic rhinitis is the most common form. It is characterized by repeated sneezing, often in bursts, clear nasal discharge, a blocked nose, and nasal itching.

Unlike a viral cold, the secretions remain fluid and transparent. There is generally no fever or body aches. Symptoms can last for several weeks, or even throughout the year.

Eye symptoms

The eyes are often affected at the same time. Common signs include redness, excessive tearing, sometimes intense itching, and a burning sensation.

This condition corresponds to allergic conjunctivitis. People affected frequently describe a constant urge to rub their eyes, which worsens the irritation.

Respiratory symptoms

For some people, allergies are not limited to the nose and eyes. They may also be accompanied by a persistent dry cough, breathing discomfort, or even wheezing when exhaling.

Allergies are also a major trigger or aggravating factor for asthma. According to the international ISAAC study (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood), published in The Lancet, respiratory allergic diseases are increasing significantly in many countries, particularly among children.

Possible skin symptoms

Even though it is called a “respiratory” allergy, the skin can also react. Eczema patches, diffuse itching, or more reactive skin may accompany allergic flare-ups, particularly in people with an atopic predisposition.

These symptoms form the common foundation. Certain clues can help point to a specific allergen. But how can you tell the difference?

What are the first signs of a dust mite allergy?

The first signs are often subtle but characteristic:

• Frequent sneezing
• Clear nasal discharge
• Itchy eyes
• Persistent dry cough
• Symptoms that are stronger upon waking

In practical terms, the person wakes up with a blocked nose, starts sneezing repeatedly when getting out of bed, and may feel respiratory irritation at the end of the night. Over time, the discomfort becomes daily and can affect sleep quality.

Identifying these signals early helps prevent worsening into allergic asthma.

How to relieve allergy symptoms?

Once the allergen is identified, management relies on two main pillars: reducing exposure and treating inflammation.

Reducing exposure to allergens

Daily ventilation of your home remains essential, even in winter. Anti-dust mite covers for bedding, a high-performance vacuum cleaner with an appropriate filter, and regular maintenance of textiles help limit allergen load.

An effective air purifier can also play a key role. The TEQOYA T200 uses French ionization technology to significantly reduce fine particles, allergens, and pollutants suspended in indoor air, without emitting harmful ozone. By lowering airborne allergen concentration, it helps create a healthier environment, particularly beneficial for people allergic to dust mites or sensitive to dust.

During pollen season, monitoring pollen peaks and adjusting outdoor activities can also make a difference.

Medical treatments

Antihistamines relieve itching and sneezing. Nasal corticosteroids reduce local inflammation and are often very effective as a long-term treatment.

In some cases, desensitization (allergen immunotherapy) may be recommended. This involves gradually exposing the body to the allergen to durably modify the immune response.